Solar power is a clean, renewable energy source that converts sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic (PV) technology. With rising energy costs and a growing focus on sustainability, more homeowners and businesses in Ireland are turning to solar PV systems to generate their own electricity. But how exactly does solar power work? Let’s break it down.
How Solar Panels Generate Electricity
1. Solar Panels and the Photovoltaic Effect
Solar panels, also known as photovoltaic (PV) panels, are made up of solar cells that convert sunlight into electricity. These cells are typically made of silicon, a semiconductor material that absorbs sunlight. When photons (light particles) hit the panels, they excite electrons, causing them to move and generate an electric current. This process is called the photovoltaic effect.
2. Converting DC to Usable AC Electricity
The electricity generated by solar panels is direct current (DC), but most homes and businesses use alternating current (AC). A device called an inverter converts DC electricity into AC power, making it suitable for use in appliances, lighting, and other electrical systems.
3. Grid Connection and Energy Storage
Grid-Tied Systems: In homes connected to the electricity grid, excess solar energy can be fed back to the grid through net metering, potentially earning homeowners credits or payments for surplus power.
Battery Storage: For off-grid or hybrid systems, solar batteries store excess electricity for use at night or on cloudy days, ensuring a steady power supply.
Optimising Solar Panel Performance
Best Orientation and Tilt for Maximum Efficiency
For optimal solar energy generation, solar panels should ideally:
✔ Face due south for maximum sunlight exposure.
✔ Be installed at a tilt angle of 30° to 40° to achieve the best yearly output.
✔ Be placed on roofs that are free from shading and obstructions.
✔ Avoid north-facing installations, as they significantly reduce efficiency.
Solar PV systems can be mounted on various surfaces, including sloped and flat roofs, or even on ground-mounted frames for larger installations.
Understanding kWp and kWh in Solar Energy
kWp (Kilowatt-Peak)
kWp refers to the maximum power output of a solar PV system under ideal conditions. For example, a 5 kWp system can generate up to 5 kilowatts of electricity at peak performance.
kWh (Kilowatt-Hour)
kWh measures the actual energy produced over time. If a 5 kW solar system operates for 5 hours, it generates 25 kWh of electricity (5 kW × 5 hours = 25 kWh). This is the unit of measurement used on electricity bills.
Why Choose Solar PV for Your Home or Business?
✔ Lower Energy Bills – Generate your own electricity and reduce reliance on the grid.
✔ SEAI Grants Available – Homeowners in Ireland can receive up to €1,800 in solar grants.
✔ Sustainable & Eco-Friendly – Reduce your carbon footprint and reliance on fossil fuels.
✔ Increase Property Value – Solar panels are a long-term investment that enhances property appeal.
Start Your Solar Journey Today
Switching to solar power is a smart investment for homeowners and businesses across Ireland. With government incentives, lower electricity costs, and environmental benefits, now is the perfect time to install a solar PV system. Contact us today to learn how you can make the switch and start saving!